{"id":16984,"date":"2020-10-10T11:42:27","date_gmt":"2020-10-10T09:42:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/almanimal.com\/?p=16984"},"modified":"2020-10-10T11:50:23","modified_gmt":"2020-10-10T09:50:23","slug":"raison-de-la-mort-des-elephants-au-botswana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/almanimal.com\/fr\/curiosites\/raison-de-la-mort-des-elephants-au-botswana\/","title":{"rendered":"Les d\u00e9c\u00e8s d'\u00e9l\u00e9phants au Botswana sont d\u00e9couverts en tant que cause de la mort"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Le Botswana abrite 130 000 <a href=\"https:\/\/almanimal.com\/fr\/curiosites\/les-animaux-les-plus-forts-du-monde\/\">\u00c9l\u00e9phants d'Afrique<\/a>, et ils comptent plus de cette esp\u00e8ce que n&#039;importe quel autre endroit du continent, et presque partout ailleurs dans le monde. L&#039;ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re, le pays a abrog\u00e9 une loi interdisant la chasse \u00e0 l&#039;\u00e9l\u00e9phant depuis son entr\u00e9e en vigueur en 2014, d\u00e9clenchant un toll\u00e9 international. Mais, croyez-le ou non, les chasseurs n&#039;ont rien \u00e0 voir avec le plus grand massacre de ces pachydermes jamais enregistr\u00e9. <strong>La mort myst\u00e9rieuse de 350 \u00e9l\u00e9phants dans le delta de l\u2019Okavango entre mai et juin de cette ann\u00e9e a d\u00e9concert\u00e9 le monde entier.<\/strong>, alors que de plus en plus de carcasses apparaissaient sans raison et sans l&#039;aide des autorit\u00e9s. Heureusement, la cause de la mort des \u00e9l\u00e9phants au Botswana semble enfin avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La cause de la mort des \u00e9l\u00e9phants au Botswana pourrait \u00eatre dans l\u2019eau : les cyanobact\u00e9ries<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bien qu&#039;il ait \u00e9t\u00e9 suppos\u00e9 que la raison pourrait \u00eatre un virus transmis par des rongeurs qui cause <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecured.cu\/Encefalomiocarditis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">enc\u00e9phalomyocardite<\/a> Les derniers tests ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que l&#039;eau \u00e9tait la cause de la mort des \u00e9l\u00e9phants. Des sources locales sugg\u00e8rent que <strong>Les \u00e9l\u00e9phants 70% sont morts pr\u00e8s de points d&#039;eau contenant des prolif\u00e9rations d&#039;algues<\/strong>, qui peuvent produire des organismes microscopiques toxiques appel\u00e9s cyanobact\u00e9ries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Les cyanobact\u00e9ries sont couramment pr\u00e9sentes dans l\u2019eau, mais elles ne produisent pas toutes de toxines.<\/strong>Les scientifiques craignent que le changement climatique n\u2019incite les bact\u00e9ries \u00e0 produire davantage de toxines \u00e0 mesure que la temp\u00e9rature de l\u2019eau augmente et que les conditions deviennent plus favorables \u00e0 leur croissance exponentielle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/almanimal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/agua-contaminada-elefantes-1000x563.jpg\" alt=\"L&#039;eau est la cause de la mort des \u00e9l\u00e9phants au Botswana\" class=\"wp-image-16987\" srcset=\"https:\/\/almanimal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/agua-contaminada-elefantes-1000x563.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/almanimal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/agua-contaminada-elefantes-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/almanimal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/agua-contaminada-elefantes-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/almanimal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/agua-contaminada-elefantes.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Cependant, de nombreuses questions restent sans r\u00e9ponse, comme par exemple : <strong>Pourquoi seulement des \u00e9l\u00e9phants et pourquoi seulement dans cette zone<\/strong>Les chercheurs ont un certain nombre d\u2019hypoth\u00e8ses \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard sur lesquelles ils travaillent, et la recherche principale se concentre sur<strong> <\/strong>comment la mortalit\u00e9 a affect\u00e9 la population d&#039;\u00e9l\u00e9phants et les blessures sur les carcasses, ainsi que <strong>analyse d&#039;\u00e9chantillons d&#039;eau<\/strong> dans des laboratoires au Botswana, en Afrique du Sud et aux \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ironiquement, la pr\u00e9sence de toxines dans l&#039;eau a \u00e9t\u00e9 initialement exclue car aucune autre esp\u00e8ce n&#039;est morte, \u00e0 l&#039;exception d&#039;un cheval, mais les scientifiques pensent maintenant que <strong>Les \u00e9l\u00e9phants peuvent \u00eatre particuli\u00e8rement vuln\u00e9rables car ils passent beaucoup de temps \u00e0 se baigner et \u00e0 boire de grandes quantit\u00e9s d\u2019eau.<\/strong> dans les \u00e9tangs et les mares de la r\u00e9gion, ce qui expliquerait pourquoi ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 terriblement touch\u00e9s alors que d&#039;autres esp\u00e8ces ont surv\u00e9cu m\u00eame si elles ont \u00e9galement puis\u00e9 dans cette eau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019histoire se r\u00e9p\u00e8te au Zimbabwe\u2026<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Maintenant que ce myst\u00e8re semble s&#039;\u00e9claircir, un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne similaire semble se produire de l&#039;autre c\u00f4t\u00e9 de la fronti\u00e8re, du Botswana au Zimbabwe. Suite aux d\u00e9c\u00e8s survenus dans ce premier pays, <strong>Plus de 20 \u00e9l\u00e9phants morts ont \u00e9t\u00e9 retrouv\u00e9s entre le parc national de Hwange et les chutes Victoria fin ao\u00fbt.<\/strong>, ce qui a suscit\u00e9 des inqui\u00e9tudes \u00e9videntes quant \u00e0 un lien entre les deux incidents. Les autorit\u00e9s pensent actuellement que ce d\u00e9c\u00e8s a \u00e9t\u00e9 caus\u00e9 par une infection bact\u00e9rienne, mais rien n&#039;a \u00e9t\u00e9 confirm\u00e9 ou infirm\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En principe, si la cause de la mort de ces \u00e9l\u00e9phants est relativement courante, les scientifiques devraient pouvoir la d\u00e9tecter rapidement. Cependant, comme le soulignent les chercheurs responsables, de nouvelles maladies infectieuses \u00e9mergentes se d\u00e9veloppent constamment, et <strong>Plus nous approfondissons l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9miologie, plus nous d\u00e9couvrons que nous ignorons plus de choses que nous ne savons d\u00e9j\u00e0.<\/strong>\u2026La mort des \u00e9l\u00e9phants au Zimbabwe pourrait donc \u00eatre due \u00e0 des raisons similaires, ou bien elle pourrait \u00e0 nouveau \u00eatre un myst\u00e8re complet.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le Botswana abrite 130\u00a0000 \u00e9l\u00e9phants d\u2019Afrique, soit plus que partout ailleurs sur le continent et presque partout dans le monde. L\u2019ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re, le pays a abrog\u00e9 une loi qui interdisait la chasse \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9phant depuis 2014, provoquant l\u2019indignation internationale. Mais, aussi difficile que cela puisse para\u00eetre\u2026 <a title=\"Les d\u00e9c\u00e8s d&#039;\u00e9l\u00e9phants au Botswana sont d\u00e9couverts en tant que cause de la mort\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/almanimal.com\/fr\/curiosites\/raison-de-la-mort-des-elephants-au-botswana\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur : La raison de la mort des \u00e9l\u00e9phants au Botswana a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couverte\">Lire la suite<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":16986,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1430,1],"tags":[1511,1738,1468,2166,2253,1946],"class_list":["post-16984","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curiosidades","category-general","tag-animales","tag-animales-en-peligro-de-extincion","tag-curiosidades","tag-elefantes","tag-enfermedades","tag-parasitos"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Descubren el motivo de la muerte de los elefantes en Bostwana<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Entre mayo y junio de 2020 fallecieron misteriosamente m\u00e1s de 350 elefantes. 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