{"id":18388,"date":"2021-02-01T09:45:41","date_gmt":"2021-02-01T08:45:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/almanimal.com\/?p=18388"},"modified":"2021-02-01T09:45:49","modified_gmt":"2021-02-01T08:45:49","slug":"comment-les-cameleons-changent-de-couleur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/almanimal.com\/fr\/curiosites\/comment-les-cameleons-changent-de-couleur\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment les cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons changent-ils de couleur et pourquoi ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons sont connus pour bon nombre de leurs qualit\u00e9s uniques<\/strong>, comme leur langue collante - qu'ils utilisent comme projectile -, leurs yeux qui bougent ind\u00e9pendamment les uns des autres et, peut-\u00eatre le plus fascinant de tous, leur capacit\u00e9 de changer la couleur de votre peau<\/strong>Mais comment les cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons changent-ils de couleur\u00a0? Peuvent-ils se fondre dans n'importe quel environnement\u00a0? Et pourquoi changent-ils de couleur\u00a0?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les humains tentent depuis des ann\u00e9es de se fondre dans leur environnement. Chasseurs, militaires et tribus indig\u00e8nes y sont souvent parvenus gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 leurs uniformes, leurs v\u00eatements et leurs comp\u00e9tences comme la discr\u00e9tion et l'agilit\u00e9. Mais aucun humain ne poss\u00e8de la capacit\u00e9 des cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons, qui peuvent non seulement se fondre dans leur environnement au point de passer inaper\u00e7us, mais aussi se transformer et s'adapter gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 leurs pouvoirs. cellules cutan\u00e9es extr\u00eamement sp\u00e9ciales<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Comment un cam\u00e9l\u00e9on change-t-il de couleur ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jusqu'\u00e0 r\u00e9cemment, personne ne comprenait vraiment comment les cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons changeaient de couleur. Nous savons maintenant que les cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons Ils changent de couleur en ajustant les cellules microscopiques de leur peau <\/strong>r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir la lumi\u00e8re diff\u00e9remment. Ces cellules sont appel\u00e9es cellules iridophores<\/strong>, et contiennent de minuscules cristaux appel\u00e9s nanocristaux<\/strong>. Ceux-ci sont de diff\u00e9rentes tailles et sont dispos\u00e9s selon diff\u00e9rentes formes et groupes, ce qui fait que la lumi\u00e8re se refl\u00e8te de diff\u00e9rentes mani\u00e8res et que la peau des cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons change de couleur, forme semblable \u00e0 un cristal suspendu \u00e0 une fen\u00eatre <\/strong>et refl\u00e8te la lumi\u00e8re du soleil sur le mur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le peau de cam\u00e9l\u00e9on<\/a> Il est plein de ces minuscules cristaux et lorsque vous le d\u00e9placez en relaxant ou en contractant vos muscles, les cristaux changent et r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissent la lumi\u00e8re diff\u00e9remment<\/strong>Les cellules de la peau gonflent et r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissent \u00e9galement, se rapprochant ainsi les unes des autres. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les longueurs d'onde les plus courtes de la lumi\u00e8re, telles que bleu<\/strong>, se refl\u00e8tent lorsque la peau est rel\u00e2ch\u00e9e et que les cellules iridophores sont rapproch\u00e9es. La peau du cam\u00e9l\u00e9on contenant \u00e9galement des pigments jaunes, les couleurs bleu et jaune<\/strong> Ils se m\u00e9langent pour cr\u00e9er une couleur que nous identifions lorsque les cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons sont au repos : vert<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Pourquoi<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Des longueurs d'onde de lumi\u00e8re plus longues, telles que rouge et jaune<\/strong>, se refl\u00e8tent lorsque les cellules cutan\u00e9es sont davantage s\u00e9par\u00e9es. La recherche montre \u00e9galement que Les cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons femelles ont beaucoup moins de cellules iridophores <\/strong>dans la couche sup\u00e9rieure de la peau, ce qui permet aux m\u00e2les de changer de couleur mieux que les femelles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pourquoi les cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons changent-ils de couleur ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Se fondre dans leur environnement est la principale raison pour laquelle les cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons changent de couleur afin de pouvoir se camoufler et \u00e9chapper aux pr\u00e9dateurs<\/a>Mais le camouflage n\u2019est pas la seule raison de modifier une apparence : effrayer et impressionner les autres cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons, stresser, conserver la chaleur et rester au frais<\/strong> Il existe d'autres raisons aux changements de couleur. Par exemple, de nombreux cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons se sentant menac\u00e9s deviennent fonc\u00e9s ou noirs \u00e0 cause du stress, tandis que les cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons heureux et d\u00e9tendus apparaissent souvent vert vif ou bleu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Couleurs cam\u00e9l\u00e9on<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Les publicit\u00e9s, les \u00e9missions de t\u00e9l\u00e9vision et les films montrent souvent que les cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons peuvent changer la couleur de leur peau comme par magie pour s'adapter \u00e0 leur environnement presque instantan\u00e9ment, et bien qu'il y ait une part de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 dans cela, les cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons Il y a des limites quant au nombre de couleurs qu'ils peuvent prendre, <\/strong>et ils ne peuvent pas tous les simuler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les les verts et les bruns sont ses couleurs pr\u00e9dominantes<\/strong>, et ces nuances les aident \u00e0 se camoufler dans leur environnement. Le noir est une autre couleur courante chez les cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons, apparaissant principalement au niveau de la gorge, et parfois Ils deviennent sombres pour montrer qu'ils se sentent menac\u00e9s<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Certaines esp\u00e8ces de cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons peuvent adoptez des couleurs plus vives comme le rose, le rouge, le bleu, le turquoise ou le jaune<\/strong>, comme le cam\u00e9l\u00e9on panth\u00e8re et cam\u00e9l\u00e9on de Madagascar<\/strong>, qui sont connus pour \u00eatre extr\u00eamement color\u00e9s et deux des esp\u00e8ces les plus photographi\u00e9es.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ces animaux sont connus pour leurs nombreuses qualit\u00e9s uniques, mais vous \u00eates-vous d\u00e9j\u00e0 demand\u00e9 comment les cam\u00e9l\u00e9ons changeaient de couleur ?<\/p>","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":18398,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1430],"tags":[2470,2469,1468,1720],"class_list":["post-18388","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curiosidades","tag-camaleones","tag-camuflaje","tag-curiosidades","tag-mimetismo-animal"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00bfC\u00f3mo cambian de color los camaleones y por qu\u00e9 lo hacen?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Estos animales son conocidos por muchas de sus cualidades \u00fanicas, pero te has preguntado alguna vez c\u00f3mo cambian de color los camaleones.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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